Thursday, April 21, 2016

“Democracy, Civic Engagement, and Activism & Reimagining Participatory Culture” by Henry Jenkins, Mizuko Ito, and danah jenkins

Because of the far reach of participatory culture, Henry explains that “these communities encourage conversations about social and political change” (152). His focus on “the civic imagination” involves youth and all members of online communities’ ability and responsibility to make change happen. Henry remembers how Star Trek in the 1960’s, and his fandom associates, served to transform him politically. Sharing with us his highly segregated childhood, it is understandable how television offered such exciting and multicultural benefits. Later, he relays his grad school mentor’s writings about teen girls and Madonna, illustrating the early signs of third-wave feminism. As Henry’s involvement with fandom increased, he observed people applying skills from their hobby to political activities AND witnessed Madonna fans evolve into feminists asserting authority through their everyday lives. Because Henry’s background is in political science, these must have been immensely exciting observations and connections. 

His MAPP team is very focused on both locating and supporting the many change movements involving youth in today’s society. I applaud these efforts, as my political orientation is limited (but quite liberal) and several of the movements started online by youths are impressive. The Dreamer movement is one that stands out in particular, and their utilization of technology—especially when so many of them had no digital access in their homes. That shows extreme determination; working on school equipment and public libraries means you only have access when those computers are available. The ownership displayed by their actions as they organized the platform, kept their goals in sight despite great resistance, and were not afraid to use their voice, serves as an important model for others to follow. Henry is right about student governments being limited; they are not really a “stepping stone” because the students voice is not really heard. Youths who take leadership seriously should try running a fan convention or step up on a political issue of concern as these actions and activities have weight, responsibilities, and repercussions to be considered. This forces them to think outside of their personal space and become civic-minded individuals. The point danah makes is essential: “In most…gaming environments participants must learn how to negotiate productivity with people, including strangers” (164). This represents a fantastic growth opportunity for our youth and the chance to grasp the tools and skills needed to become a civic-minded person. 

I was fascinated by the Harry Potter Alliance (HPA)—this is such an awe-inspiring form of activism. Andrew Slack, its founder, cleverly crafted an amazing model and integrated fandom and activism into its core. I had no idea, or perhaps never gave it the thought it deserved, of how powerful a force fandom has been through history. Henry’s review was quite an eye-opener. Star Trek was a staple in our home back when I was a wee one, and never did we know it was almost cancelled (I personally was a Lost in Space fan, but eventually grew into Star Trek…).The power of fan communities like HPA is greatly intensified by their media skills and the use of social networks to bind them together globally. Mimi again reminds us that in the gaming world, this type of connectivity is the norm which makes sense as they use those platforms to test their skills against other gamers across the globe. I couldn’t agree more with danah’s “three key pillars” for youth empowerment; safety, skills, and opportunities. These simple but necessary guidelines set the scene for activism to occur, but safely
Henry’s mention of the Harry Potter rides and the “size” issue was a source of concern but he is right to suggest that fans do their thing. If they would exert pressure on Universal Studios to make the changes needed in order to accommodate fans of various sizes and shapes, the outcome would benefit everyone involved. Skills acquired through fandom status could eventually change the world if properly directed!

Finding out that Superman is an illegal alien was not exactly news, but I prefer to think of him as a proud immigrant who just happens to be “a strange being from another planet…” Just remember he now fights for global justice because we are a global world (but he is still faster than a speeding bullet…).
The Kony 2012 campaign was quite a success—but one the people behind it were not prepared to handle. That sadly included the youths who passed it along to promote its message without really having a grasp of its information. The safety step was not considered here. The “It Gets Better” campaign danah speaks of had an even more serious backlash. Its creators may have meant well but LGBTQ youths posting videos online placed themselves at the mercy of mainstream society—and teen peers can be the most merciless. The necessity of the safety factor being first on the list, as danah implicitly states, is blatantly visible here, when teen suicides are the result. A safe space has to be implemented before putting anything up for public scrutiny. Anonymous via 4Chan is a group with muscle and it takes on some weighty issues. I believe these are wonderful strides and there are adults as well as youths in these forums, but safety should always be regarded as the first step Young people will not embrace politics, but rebellion has been a teen turn-on for centuries. Using safe measures to move youths towards cultural change is a step towards political action, and a dynamic of greater appeal.


Chapter 7 “Reimagining Participatory Culture” reviews all the key elements discussed within this text. They state “Participatory culture is by its very nature a work in progress” (180). Their attraction to this ever-changing concept began through fandom (Henry), geek culture (Mimi), and various subcultural identities (danah), coupled with the fact they all wanted to promote greater educational opportunities through the use of media. The always changing state of the phenomenon known as participatory culture is what keeps it alive and continually challenges its participants to create new opportunities. The authors agree it has no particular political orientation, is both descriptive and aspirational, and is always about people---technology is the tool used to reach them. Capitalism exists as corporations want their hand in anything if there is money to be made. Our scholars do reassure us that many aspects of participatory culture are “quite resistant to capitalism” (185). Most important it is “an evolving concept, that always gets read in relation to existing practices and norms” (186). The conversations in this book were both informative and impassioned as these scholars discussed projects so close to their hearts. These concepts and platforms are inspirational and hold great promise for our youth as well as the rest of us online nerds. Hopefully these conversations will be the starting point for even more participation and greater results.

No comments:

Post a Comment